A History of Babylon 2200 BC-AD 75

includes index and biblioraphy

1 Introductory concerns ....1 Assyriology and the writing of history ......3 Cuneiform texts as historical sources .......4 Historical science and the handling of sources ....17 Chronology .....20 2 The sumero-akkadian background .....24 Babylonia as geographic unit ....24 The natural environment ....25 The neolithic revolution ......28 The ubaid period (6500-4000) .....29 The uruk period (4000-3100) .....30 The jemdet nasr period (3100-2900) ......31 The early dynastic priod (2900-2350) .....34 The state of lagash .....38 Babylon in the early dynastic period ......40 The sargonic (old akkadian) and gutian periods (ca.2334-2113) ....41 Akkadian and sumerian Linguistic areas .....42 The early sargonic period (ca.2334-2255) ....44 The classical sargonic period (ca.2254-2193) .....46 Babylon in the sargonic period ......50 The late sargonic (ca.2193-2154) and Gutian periods (ca.2153-2113) ....51 The third dynasty of ur (2112-2004) .....52 King of summer and akkad .....53 Shulgi`s babylonia .......54 Failure of the ur III state .....56 Babylon during the ur III Period .....57 3 The rise of babylon The first dynasty of isin (2017-1794) ......62 The amorites .....64 Amorite genealogies and Histories .....66 Date lists and king lists of babylon I ......68 Elusive beginnings .....69 Sumu-la-el(1880-1845) ......70 Half a century of stability (1844-1793) ......72 Hammu-rabi (1792-1750) ......76 4 Decline of the first dynasty .....97 The reign of samu-iluna (1749-1712) .....97 The last century of babylon I (1711-1595) .....111 5 Kassite ascendancy .....122 The kassites as linguistic and cultural group ......122 The early kassite period (1595-ca.1400) .....125 Kassite babylonia: The documentary evidence ......132 Kardunias: A new babylonia .....135 The age of amarna .....140 The rise of assyria .....142 The middle kassite period (1332-1225) ......143 The intervention of tukulti-ninurta I and its aftermath .....147 End of the kassite regime (1186-1155) .....150 Akkadian literature under the kassites .......151 6 Second dynasty of isin ......154 Marduk and nabu .....157 Renewed conflict with assyria ....158 Nebuchadnezzar I (1121-1100) ........159 Sealand memories under enlil-nadin-apli (1099-1096) ......164 Marduk-nadin-ahhe (1095- 1078) .....164 Marduk-shapik-zeri (1077-1065) .....1567 Adad-apla-iddina (1064-1043) .....168 The end of isin II (1042-1022) .....169 7 Arameans and chaldeans .....171 The arameans ...172 The chaldeans ....173 Three short dynasties ......176 The dynasty of E .....178 8 The assyrian century .....193 The rebellion of mukin-zeri .....196 The palu of baltil (728-722) .....197 Marduk-apla-iddina II and chaldean resistance (721-709) .....198 The palu of habigal (709-694) .....201 The two shuzubus (694-689) ......204 Sennacherinb`s desecration of babylon (689-681) .....206 Esarhaddon restores babylon(681-669) .....208 Regnant siblings (669-652) ....211 Civil war (652-648) ......214 Ashurbanipal and kandakanu (647-630/27) .......216 9 Imperial heyday ....219 Sources .....220 Power struggle for babylonis (630-620) ......223 A chaldeo-Aramean empire .....224 The fall of assyria (616-609) ......225 Nabopolassar and the restoration of babylonia .....227 Nebuchadnezzar in the levant ....227 The climax of babylon ......229 A problematic succession (562-556) ....237 Babytlon`s tweilight: The reign of nabonidus (555-539) .....238 10 Babylon under foreign rule ....246 Cyrus enters babylon .....247 A smooth transition .....248 The babylonian pretenders of 522-521 ....250 The reforms of darius I ......251 The babylonian pretenders of 484 ......253 Babylonia in the late achaemenid period .....254 Hellenistic babylonia ....256 Allexander and his sucessors in babylon (331-311) .....257 Babylon and seleucia .....259 An age of renewal .......261 Hellenization of babylonia .....263 Parthian takeover .....265 Sic transit .....266