A Marginal Jew: Rethinking the Historical Jesus: Vol.IV / John P Meier.

includes index and biblioraphy

INTRODUCTION TO VOLUME FOUR THE HISTORICAL JESUS Is THE HALAKIC JESUS 1 I. The Multiple Difficulties of Dealing with Jesus and the Law 1 II. Three Vital Distinctions 5 III. A Road Map through Volume Four 8 IV. Once Again, A Reminder about the Rules of the Road 11 NOTES TO THE INTRODUCTION 18 CHAPTER 31 JESUS AND THE LAW -BUT WHAT Is THE LAW? 26 I. Jesus and the Law: Reciprocal Illumination 26 II. The Meaning(s) of the Law: The Old Testament and Intertestamental Judaism 27 III. The Meaning(s) of the Law: The New Testament and Rabbinic Judaism 38 IV. The Problem of the Historical Jesus and the Historical Law 40 NOTES TO CHAPTER 31 47 CHAPTER 32 JESUS` TEACHING ON DIVORCE I. Introduction: Some Preliminary Clarifications II. Divorce in the Pentateuch III. Divorce in the Prophets and Wisdom Literature IV. Intertestamental Period: Philo, Josephus, and Qumran A. Philo B. Josephus C. Qumran V. A Glance Forward to the Mishna VI. The New Testament Statements on Divorce A. 1 Corinthians 7:10-11 B. The Q Tradition (Matt 5:321| Luke 16:18) C. Mark 10:11-12 D. Divorce and the Criteria of Historicity E. The Dispute Story in Mark 10:2-12 F. Conclusions NOTES TO CHAPTER 32 CHAPTER 33 THE PROHIBITION OF OATHS 182 I. Introduction 182 II. Oaths: From the Jewish Scriptures to the Mishna 183 A. Initial Clarifications 183 B. Oaths in Ancient Israel and Judaism 184 III. The Prohibition of Oaths in the New Testament 188 A. The Special Situation of the New Testament Sources 188 B. An Initial Comparison of the Two Texts 189 C. The Earliest Available Version of the Tradition 191 D. Does the Prohibition Go Back to the Historical Jesus? 198 NOTES TO CHAPTER 33 206 CHAPTER 34 JESUS AND THE SABBATH 235 I. The Sabbath from the Scriptures to the Mishna 235 A. The Sabbath in the Jewish Scriptures 235 B. The Sabbath in the Deuterocanonical (Apocryphal) Books 240 C. The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha and Qumran 241 D. Jewish Diaspora Literature: Aristobulus, Philo,and Josephus 246 E. A Quick Glance Forward to the Mishna 248 II. Jesus` Actions on and Sayings about the Sabbath 252 A. Miracles on the Sabbath That Do Not Provoke a Dispute 252 B. Miracles on the Sabbath That Do Provoke a Dispute 253 C. Sayings of Jesus on Sabbath Haldkd Found in the Synoptic Miracle Stories 259 D. The Plucking of Grain on the Sabbath (Mark 2:23-28) 267 E. The Sabbath Sayings in Mark 2:27-28 280 Conclusion 293 NOTES TO CHAPTER 34 297 CHAPTER 35 JESUS AND PURITY LAWS 342 I. Purity Laws in the Pentateuch and Beyond 343 II. Jesus and Purity in Mark 7:1-23 352 A. The Structure of Mark 7:1-23 353 B. A Structured Translation of Mark 7:1-23 360 C. Identifying the Hand(s) of the Christian Author(s) 363 D. Searching for the Historical Jesus in the Subunits of Mark 7:6-23 369 E. Verses 1-5: The Question about Eating with Unwashed Hands 399 III. Other Possible References to Ritual Purity in the Gospels 405 IV. Conclusions on Jesus and Ritual Purity 413 NOTES TO CHAPTER 35 415 CHAPTER 36 WIDENING THE Focus: THE LOVE COMMANDMENTS OF JESUS 478 I. Introduction: The Various Commandments of Love 478 II. The Double Command of Love in the Gospel of Mark 481 A. The Place of the Double Command of Love(Mark 12:28-34) 481 B. The Structure and Content of Mark 12:28-34 484 C. The Argument for the Historicity of Mark 12:28-34 499 III. The Command to Love Enemies in the Q Tradition 528 A. Clarifying the Question 528 B. "Love Your Enemies": Is There an Exact Parallel? 532 IV. The Golden Rule in the Q Tradition 551 V. The Love Command in the Johannine Tradition 558 A. The Theological Context of the Love Command within John`s Gospel 558 B. The Love Commands: John and the Synoptics Compared 560 C. The Question of Historicity 566 D. The Love Command in the Johannine Epistles 568 Concluding Reflections on the Love Commandments 572 NOTES TO CHAPTER 36

V4. Law and Love.