TY - BOOK AU - Israel,Jonathan I TI - Spinoza, Life and Legacy SN - 9780198857488 U1 - N71.1SB 23 PY - 2023/// CY - Oxford, United Kingdom PB - Oxford University Press KW - Spinoza, Benedictus de, KW - Philosophers KW - Netherlands KW - Biography N1 - Includes bibliographical references (pages 1223-1282) and index; Setting the scene -- The young Spinoza -- Reformer and subverter of Descartes -- Darkening horizons -- Last years N2 - "The boldest and most unsettling of the major early modern philosophers, Spinoza, had a much greater, if often concealed, impact on the international intellectual scene and on the early Enlightenment than philosophers, historians, and political theorists have conventionally tended to recognize. Europe-wide efforts to prevent the reading public and university students learning about Spinoza, the man and his work, in the years immediately after his death in 1677, dominated much of his early reception owing to the revolutionary implications of his thought for philosophy, religion, practical ethics and lifestyle, Bible criticism, and political theory. Nevertheless, contrary to what has sometimes been maintained, his general impact was immediate, very widespread, and profound. One of the main objectives of the book is to show how early and how deeply Leibniz, Bayle, Arnauld, Henry More, Anne Conway, Richard Baxter, Robert Boyle, Henry Oldenburg, Pierre-Daniel Huet, Richard Simon, and Nicholas Steno, among many others, were affected by and led to wrestle with his principal ideas"-- ER -