Pursuing Equal Opportunities The Theory and Practice of Egalitarian Justice
- New York Cambridge University 2004
- 280p
includes index and biblioraphy
PART I. RETRIEVING EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY 1 Introduction 3 2 Equal Opportunities as a Regulative Ideal 10 2.1 INTRODUCTION 1O 2.2 AN OUTLINE OF THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODEL 13 2.3 EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR WHAT? 21 2.4 BACKGROUND FAIRNESS AND STATUS EQUALITY 29 2.5 THE IDEA OF STAKES FAIRNESS 37 2.6 CONCLUSION 47 3 Equal Opportunity without Natural Inequalities 48 3.1 introduction 48 3.2 the assumption about natural inequalities 5! 3.3 the myth of natural inequalities 53 3.4 inequality by design: learning from the iq debate 6l 3.5 two other issues about nature and justice 71 3.6 egalitarian justice without natural inequality 72 3.7 the vulnerable minority approach 74 3.8 conclusion 79 part ii. race 4 Equal Opportunities and Civil Rights: Merit, Standardized Tests, and Higher Education 83 4.1 INTRODUCTION 83 4.2 STANDARDIZED TESTS IN AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES 86 4.3 MERITOCRACY REGULATED BY EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES 4.4 THE IMPLICATIONS FOR CIVIL RIGHTS 4-5 THE WORRY ABOUT AFFIRMATIVE ACTION 4.6 CONCLUSION Integration, Diversity, and Affirmative Action 5.1 INTRODUCTION 5.2 DIVERSITY OF WHAT? DIVERSITY FOR WHOM? 5.3 TAKING INTEGRATION SERIOUSLY AGAIN 5.4 THE VALUE OF DIVERSITY AND INTEGRATION 5.5 THE RATIONALE FOR AFFIRMATIVE ACTION 5.6 CONCLUSION PART III. CLASS 6 Justifying Workfare 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6.2 MAKING SENSE OF WORKFARE 6.2.1 THREE FLAWED ARGUMENTS FOR WORKFARE 6.2.2 THE ARGUMENT FROM DESERT 6.2.3 THE ARGUMENT FROM SELF-RESPECT 6.2.4 THE ARGUMENT FROM SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY 6.3 WORKFARE AND THE RELEVANCE OF STAKES FAIRNESS 6.4 CONCLUSION Universal Access to Health Care 7.1 INTRODUCTION 7.2 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF UNIVERSAL ACCESS 7.3 TWO EGALITARIAN STRATEGIES 7.3.1 THE COMPREHENSIVE EGALITARIAN STRATEGY 7.3.2 EQUALITY OF RESOURCES 7.3.3 THE PLACE OF HEALTH CARE 7.3.4 THE GENERAL PROSPECTS FOR THE COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGY 7.3.5 THE RESTRICTED EGALITARIAN STRATEGY 7.3.6 THE EQUAL BENEFIT VERSION OF THE RESTRICTED STRATEGY 7.3.7 DANIELS`S VERSION OF THE RESTRICTED STRATEGY 7.4 CONCLUSION PART IV. GENDER 8 Gender Inequalities in the Workplace 205 8.1 INTRODUCTION 205 8.2 UNDERSTANDING GENDER GAPS IN THE WORKPLACE 2O9 8.3 IS THE SECOND SHIFT UNFAIR TO WOMEN? 213 8.4 WHY FAMILIES ARE BEYOND EQUAL OPPORTUNITY REGULATION 219 8.5 CONCLUSION 224 9 Equal Opportunities after Divorce 226 9.1 introduction 226 9.2 what`s wrong with fault-based divorce law? 230 9.2.1 three dominant approaches to divorce settlements 23! 9.2.2 the `clean break` approach 232 9.2.3 partnership analogies 234 9.2.4 equalizing post-divorce standards of living 236 9.2.5 an equal opportunities approach 240 9.2.6 dividing marital property upon divorce 245 9.3 conclusion 250