Science and Religion, 1450-1900 from Copernicus to Darwin

includes index and biblioraphy

1. Introduction: Galileo and the church - or how do science and religion interact .......1 The conflict model .....4 The case of the galileo affair .....7 Three additional special cases of conflict .....19 Modern claims that religion supports science .....22 2. Religion and the and the transition to modern science: Christian demands for useful knowledge ......25 The starting point: Late medieval science .....26 Challenges to medieval science .........30 Christian humanism and the hermetic coepus ......34 The life and works of paracelsus ......46 Christian utopias and the institutions for modern science ......50 3. Science and catholicism in the scientific revolution 1550-1770 .....57 Science and the council of trent .......59 Jesuit science ....66 Catholics and the mechanical philosophy: Mersenne, Descartes, and gassendi .......72 The special case of blaise pascal .....79 4. Science and religion in England, 1590-1740 ......83 The anglican focus on natural theology ......84 The puritan approach to natural knowledge ......91 The origins of anglican mechanical philosophy ......96 The anti-materialist response to hobbes ......103 5. Newton`s religion, newtonian religions and elighteenth-century reactions .....111 Newton`s science and reputation ......113 Newton and prophecy interpretation ......118 Newtonian religion ......121 John locke and the rise of deism .....125 Reactions against newtonian natural theology .....131 6. Scientific understandings of religion and religious understandings of science, 1700-1859 .....137 Early antropplogical approaches to religion ......139 Religion and the emotions .......142 Immanuel kant`s separation of scientific knowledge from religious faith .....146 The post-kantian tradition in german theology schleiermacher and hegel .....149 A new anthropology of religion - feuerbach .....151 David strauss and the use of science to reject evangelical christianity ......155 Auguste comte`s religion of humanity ....156 Scottish common sense philosophy calls for a scientific religion and a religious science ......161 7. Back to the beginnings - of the earth, of life, and of humankind, 1680-1859 ......167 Mosaic geology .....168 Secular geology and the age of the earth .....174 Accounting for change over time .....181 Buffon .....183 Lamarck ......185 The vestiges of the natural history of creation .....187 8. What to do about darwin .....193 The character of charles darwin`s on the origin of species .....195 Initial anglo-american religious responses to darwin ......200 Darwinism and concerns about scientific naturlism .....204 Anglo-American protestant responses to darwin after 1875 .....209 Anglo-american catholic and jewish responses to evolution ....213 Conclusion .....218 Primary sources .....223 1 Hermes trismagistus, hermetica ......224 2. Richard hooker, the laws of ecclesiastical polity in eight books .....227 3. Robert boyle, A free inquiry into the vulgarly conceived notion of nature ......230 4. John ray, the wisdom of god manifested in the work of creation .....234 5. Thomas burnet, the theory of the earth ....238 6. David hume, The natural history of rekligion .....241 7. Ludwig Feuerbatch, the essence of christianity .....246 8. John william Draper, history of the conflict between religion and science .....248 9. James McCosh, the religious aspect of evolution .....252