A Brief History of Jerusalem from the Earliest Settlement to the Destruction of the City in AD 70

includes index and biblioraphy

1. Location ...........1 2. Names ...............4 3. History of Archaeological REsearch ...............8 Excavations during the ottoman period .......8 Excavations during the british Mandate period(1917-1948)............12 Excavations during the Jordanian Period (1948-1967)...............13 Excavations during the Israeli Period (Since 1967)...............14 Interim Results: The conventional Model of the Pre-Biblical and the biblical City ..........16 4. First Traces of Settlement .........19 5. Jerusalem in the Bronze Age (c. 3,700-1,130 BC)................20 Early bronze age (c. 3, 700-2,500 BC)..............20 Intermediate bronze age (C. 2500-1,930 BC)................23 Middle bronze age II (c. 1, 930-1, 530 BC)..................24 Late Bronze age, (C. 1530-1, 130 C).................37 6. Jerusalem in the iron age (c. 1, 130-587 Bc)......42 Iron Age I (C. 1, 130-587BC).........................42 Iron age II A(c.925-750BC)..........50 Burial Sites from Iron age IIA, B, and C...........84 7. Jerusalem in the achaemenid, hellenistic, and Herodian Periods..................93 Achaemenid period(539-332bc): Rebuilding the temple and city .....................93 Hellenistic-Hasmonean period (332-63BC):A slow return to od strength .......104 Roman - herodian Period (63 BC-AD 70): From improvements under herod the great to the destruction by Titus ...........................116